Changeset 2565


Ignore:
Timestamp:
21/01/14 12:09:19 (8 years ago)
Author:
fielding@…
Message:

(editorial) Add security section on injection attacks; reference the OWASP Guide instead of the wiki; see #520 and #549

Location:
draft-ietf-httpbis/latest
Files:
2 edited

Legend:

Unmodified
Added
Removed

  • draft-ietf-httpbis/latest/p2-semantics.html

    r2563 r2565  
    448448  }
    449449  @bottom-center {
    450        content: "Expires July 23, 2014";
     450       content: "Expires July 25, 2014";
    451451  }
    452452  @bottom-right {
    … …  
    493493      <meta name="dct.creator" content="Reschke, J. F.">
    494494      <meta name="dct.identifier" content="urn:ietf:id:draft-ietf-httpbis-p2-semantics-latest">
    495       <meta name="dct.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2014-01-19">
     495      <meta name="dct.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2014-01-21">
    496496      <meta name="dct.replaces" content="urn:ietf:rfc:2616">
    497497      <meta name="dct.abstract" content="The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a stateless application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypertext information systems. This document defines the semantics of HTTP/1.1 messages, as expressed by request methods, request header fields, response status codes, and response header fields, along with the payload of messages (metadata and body content) and mechanisms for content negotiation.">
    … …  
    521521            <tr>
    522522               <td class="left">Intended status: Standards Track</td>
    523                <td class="right">January 19, 2014</td>
     523               <td class="right">January 21, 2014</td>
    524524            </tr>
    525525            <tr>
    526                <td class="left">Expires: July 23, 2014</td>
     526               <td class="left">Expires: July 25, 2014</td>
    527527               <td class="right"></td>
    528528            </tr>
    … …  
    553553            in progress”.
    554554         </p>
    555          <p>This Internet-Draft will expire on July 23, 2014.</p>
     555         <p>This Internet-Draft will expire on July 25, 2014.</p>
    556556      </div>
    557557      <div id="rfc.copyrightnotice">
    … …  
    764764         <li><a href="#rfc.section.9">9.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#security.considerations">Security Considerations</a><ul>
    765765               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.1">9.1</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#attack.pathname">Attacks Based On File and Path Names</a></li>
    766                <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.2">9.2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#personal.information">Personal Information</a></li>
    767                <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.3">9.3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.uris">Sensitive Information in URIs</a></li>
    768                <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.4">9.4</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.product">Product Information</a></li>
    769                <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.5">9.5</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#fragment.leakage">Fragment after Redirects</a></li>
    770                <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.6">9.6</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#fingerprinting">Browser Fingerprinting</a></li>
     766               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.2">9.2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#attack.injection">Attacks Based On Command, Code, or Query Injection</a></li>
     767               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.3">9.3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#personal.information">Personal Information</a></li>
     768               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.4">9.4</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.uris">Sensitive Information in URIs</a></li>
     769               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.5">9.5</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.product">Product Information</a></li>
     770               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.6">9.6</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#fragment.leakage">Fragment after Redirects</a></li>
     771               <li><a href="#rfc.section.9.7">9.7</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#fingerprinting">Browser Fingerprinting</a></li>
    771772            </ul>
    772773         </li>
    … …  
    20532054               <p id="rfc.section.5.3.3.p.6">A request without any Accept-Charset header field implies that the user agent will accept any charset in response. Most general-purpose
    20542055                  user agents do not send Accept-Charset, unless specifically configured to do so, because a detailed list of supported charsets
    2055                   makes it easier for a server to identify an individual by virtue of the user agent's request characteristics (<a href="#fingerprinting" title="Browser Fingerprinting">Section&nbsp;9.6</a>).
     2056                  makes it easier for a server to identify an individual by virtue of the user agent's request characteristics (<a href="#fingerprinting" title="Browser Fingerprinting">Section&nbsp;9.7</a>).
    20562057               </p>
    20572058               <p id="rfc.section.5.3.3.p.7">If an Accept-Charset header field is present in a request and none of the available representations for the response has a
    … …  
    21302131               </p>
    21312132               <p id="rfc.section.5.3.5.p.9">It might be contrary to the privacy expectations of the user to send an Accept-Language header field with the complete linguistic
    2132                   preferences of the user in every request (<a href="#fingerprinting" title="Browser Fingerprinting">Section&nbsp;9.6</a>).
     2133                  preferences of the user in every request (<a href="#fingerprinting" title="Browser Fingerprinting">Section&nbsp;9.7</a>).
    21332134               </p>
    21342135               <p id="rfc.section.5.3.5.p.10">Since intelligibility is highly dependent on the individual user, user agents need to allow user control over the linguistic
    … …  
    22392240                  is a privacy concern if the referring resource's identifier reveals personal information (such as an account name) or a resource
    22402241                  that is supposed to be confidential (such as behind a firewall or internal to a secured service). Most general-purpose user
    2241                   agents do not send the Referer header field when the referring resource is a local "file" or "data" URI. A user agent <em class="bcp14">MUST NOT</em> send a <a href="#header.referer" class="smpl">Referer</a> header field in an unsecured HTTP request if the referring page was received with a secure protocol. See <a href="#sensitive.information.in.uris" title="Sensitive Information in URIs">Section&nbsp;9.3</a> for additional security considerations.
     2242                  agents do not send the Referer header field when the referring resource is a local "file" or "data" URI. A user agent <em class="bcp14">MUST NOT</em> send a <a href="#header.referer" class="smpl">Referer</a> header field in an unsecured HTTP request if the referring page was received with a secure protocol. See <a href="#sensitive.information.in.uris" title="Sensitive Information in URIs">Section&nbsp;9.4</a> for additional security considerations.
    22422243               </p>
    22432244               <p id="rfc.section.5.5.2.p.8">Some intermediaries have been known to indiscriminately remove Referer header fields from outgoing requests. This has the
    … …  
    41404141            routing are discussed in <a href="p1-messaging.html#security.considerations" title="Security Considerations">Section 9</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.42"><cite title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing">[Part1]</cite></a>.
    41414142         </p>
    4142          <p id="rfc.section.9.p.2">The list of considerations below is not exhaustive — security analysis in an ongoing activity. Various organizations, such
    4143             as the "Open Web Application Security Project" (OWASP, &lt;<a href="https://www.owasp.org/">https://www.owasp.org/</a>&gt;), provide information about current research.
     4143         <p id="rfc.section.9.p.2">The list of considerations below is not exhaustive. Most security concerns related to HTTP semantics are about securing server-side
     4144            applications (code behind the HTTP interface), securing user agent processing of payloads received via HTTP, or secure use
     4145            of the Internet in general, rather than security of the protocol. Various organizations maintain topical information and links
     4146            to current research on Web application security (e.g., <a href="#OWASP" id="rfc.xref.OWASP.1"><cite title="A Guide to Building Secure Web Applications and Web Services">[OWASP]</cite></a>).
    41444147         </p>
    41454148         <div id="attack.pathname">
    … …  
    41604163            </p>
    41614164         </div>
     4165         <div id="attack.injection">
     4166            <h2 id="rfc.section.9.2"><a href="#rfc.section.9.2">9.2</a>&nbsp;<a href="#attack.injection">Attacks Based On Command, Code, or Query Injection</a></h2>
     4167            <p id="rfc.section.9.2.p.1">Origin servers often use parameters within an effective request URI as a means of identifying system services, selecting database
     4168               entries, or choosing a data source. However, data received in a request cannot be trusted. An attacker could construct any
     4169               of the request data elements (method, request-target, header fields, or body) to contain data that might be misinterpreted
     4170               as a command, code, or query when passed through a command invocation, language interpreter, or database interface.
     4171            </p>
     4172            <p id="rfc.section.9.2.p.2">For example, SQL injection is a common attack wherein additional query language is inserted within a part of the URI. If that
     4173               same part is directly used by the resource implementation within a SELECT statement, the query language will be interpreted
     4174               as a database command instead of a simple string value. This type of implementation vulnerability is extremely common, in
     4175               spite of being easy to prevent.
     4176            </p>
     4177            <p id="rfc.section.9.2.p.3">In general, resource implementations ought to avoid use of request data in contexts that are processed or interpreted as instructions.
     4178               Parameters ought to be compared to fixed strings and acted upon as a result of that comparison, rather than passed through
     4179               an interface that is not prepared for untrusted data. Received data that isn't based on fixed parameters ought to be carefully
     4180               filtered or encoded to avoid being misinterpreted.
     4181            </p>
     4182            <p id="rfc.section.9.2.p.4">Similar considerations apply to request data when it is stored and later processed, such as within log files, monitoring tools,
     4183               or when included within a data format that allows embedded scripts.
     4184            </p>
     4185         </div>
    41624186         <div id="personal.information">
    4163             <h2 id="rfc.section.9.2"><a href="#rfc.section.9.2">9.2</a>&nbsp;<a href="#personal.information">Personal Information</a></h2>
    4164             <p id="rfc.section.9.2.p.1">Clients are often privy to large amounts of personal information, including both information provided by the user to interact
     4187            <h2 id="rfc.section.9.3"><a href="#rfc.section.9.3">9.3</a>&nbsp;<a href="#personal.information">Personal Information</a></h2>
     4188            <p id="rfc.section.9.3.p.1">Clients are often privy to large amounts of personal information, including both information provided by the user to interact
    41654189               with resources (e.g., the user's name, location, mail address, passwords, encryption keys, etc.) and information about the
    4166                user's browsing activity over time (e.g., history, bookmarks, etc.). Implementations need to prevent unintentional leakage
     4190               user's browsing activity over time (e.g., history, bookmarks, etc.). Implementations need to prevent unintentional disclosure
    41674191               of personal information.
    41684192            </p>
    41694193         </div>
    41704194         <div id="sensitive.information.in.uris">
    4171             <h2 id="rfc.section.9.3"><a href="#rfc.section.9.3">9.3</a>&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.uris">Sensitive Information in URIs</a></h2>
    4172             <p id="rfc.section.9.3.p.1">URIs are intended to be shared, not secured, even when they identify secure resources. URIs are often shown on displays, added
     4195            <h2 id="rfc.section.9.4"><a href="#rfc.section.9.4">9.4</a>&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.uris">Sensitive Information in URIs</a></h2>
     4196            <p id="rfc.section.9.4.p.1">URIs are intended to be shared, not secured, even when they identify secure resources. URIs are often shown on displays, added
    41734197               to templates when a page is printed, and stored in a variety of unprotected bookmark lists. It is therefore unwise to include
    41744198               information within a URI that is sensitive, personally identifiable, or a risk to disclose.
    41754199            </p>
    4176             <p id="rfc.section.9.3.p.2">Authors of services ought to avoid GET-based forms for the submission of sensitive data because that data will be placed in
     4200            <p id="rfc.section.9.4.p.2">Authors of services ought to avoid GET-based forms for the submission of sensitive data because that data will be placed in
    41774201               the request-target. Many existing servers, proxies, and user agents log or display the request-target in places where it might
    41784202               be visible to third parties. Such services ought to use POST-based form submission instead.
    41794203            </p>
    4180             <p id="rfc.section.9.3.p.3">Since the <a href="#header.referer" class="smpl">Referer</a> header field tells a target site about the context that resulted in a request, it has the potential to reveal information
     4204            <p id="rfc.section.9.4.p.3">Since the <a href="#header.referer" class="smpl">Referer</a> header field tells a target site about the context that resulted in a request, it has the potential to reveal information
    41814205               about the user's immediate browsing history and any personal information that might be found in the referring resource's URI.
    41824206               Limitations on Referer are described in <a href="#header.referer" id="rfc.xref.header.referer.3" title="Referer">Section&nbsp;5.5.2</a> to address some of its security considerations.
    … …  
    41844208         </div>
    41854209         <div id="sensitive.information.in.product">
    4186             <h2 id="rfc.section.9.4"><a href="#rfc.section.9.4">9.4</a>&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.product">Product Information</a></h2>
    4187             <p id="rfc.section.9.4.p.1">The <a href="#header.user-agent" class="smpl">User-Agent</a> (<a href="#header.user-agent" id="rfc.xref.header.user-agent.4" title="User-Agent">Section&nbsp;5.5.3</a>), <a href="p1-messaging.html#header.via" class="smpl">Via</a> (<a href="p1-messaging.html#header.via" title="Via">Section 5.7.1</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.43"><cite title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing">[Part1]</cite></a>), and <a href="#header.server" class="smpl">Server</a> (<a href="#header.server" id="rfc.xref.header.server.3" title="Server">Section&nbsp;7.4.2</a>) header fields often reveal information about the respective sender's software systems. In theory, this can make it easier
     4210            <h2 id="rfc.section.9.5"><a href="#rfc.section.9.5">9.5</a>&nbsp;<a href="#sensitive.information.in.product">Product Information</a></h2>
     4211            <p id="rfc.section.9.5.p.1">The <a href="#header.user-agent" class="smpl">User-Agent</a> (<a href="#header.user-agent" id="rfc.xref.header.user-agent.4" title="User-Agent">Section&nbsp;5.5.3</a>), <a href="p1-messaging.html#header.via" class="smpl">Via</a> (<a href="p1-messaging.html#header.via" title="Via">Section 5.7.1</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.43"><cite title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing">[Part1]</cite></a>), and <a href="#header.server" class="smpl">Server</a> (<a href="#header.server" id="rfc.xref.header.server.3" title="Server">Section&nbsp;7.4.2</a>) header fields often reveal information about the respective sender's software systems. In theory, this can make it easier
    41884212               for an attacker to exploit known security holes; in practice, attackers tend to try all potential holes regardless of the
    41894213               apparent software versions being used.
    41904214            </p>
    4191             <p id="rfc.section.9.4.p.2">Proxies that serve as a portal through a network firewall ought to take special precautions regarding the transfer of header
     4215            <p id="rfc.section.9.5.p.2">Proxies that serve as a portal through a network firewall ought to take special precautions regarding the transfer of header
    41924216               information that might identify hosts behind the firewall. The <a href="p1-messaging.html#header.via" class="smpl">Via</a> header field allows intermediaries to replace sensitive machine names with pseudonyms.
    41934217            </p>
    41944218         </div>
    41954219         <div id="fragment.leakage">
    4196             <h2 id="rfc.section.9.5"><a href="#rfc.section.9.5">9.5</a>&nbsp;<a href="#fragment.leakage">Fragment after Redirects</a></h2>
    4197             <p id="rfc.section.9.5.p.1">Although fragment identifiers used within URI references are not sent in requests, implementers ought to be aware that they
     4220            <h2 id="rfc.section.9.6"><a href="#rfc.section.9.6">9.6</a>&nbsp;<a href="#fragment.leakage">Fragment after Redirects</a></h2>
     4221            <p id="rfc.section.9.6.p.1">Although fragment identifiers used within URI references are not sent in requests, implementers ought to be aware that they
    41984222               will be visible to the user agent and any extensions or scripts running as a result of the response. In particular, when a
    41994223               redirect occurs and the original request's fragment identifier is inherited by the new reference in <a href="#header.location" class="smpl">Location</a> (<a href="#header.location" id="rfc.xref.header.location.5" title="Location">Section&nbsp;7.1.2</a>), this might have the effect of leaking one site's fragment to another site. If the first site uses personal information
    … …  
    42034227         </div>
    42044228         <div id="fingerprinting">
    4205             <h2 id="rfc.section.9.6"><a href="#rfc.section.9.6">9.6</a>&nbsp;<a href="#fingerprinting">Browser Fingerprinting</a></h2>
    4206             <p id="rfc.section.9.6.p.1">Browser fingerprinting is a set of techniques for identifying a specific user agent over time through its unique set of characteristics.
     4229            <h2 id="rfc.section.9.7"><a href="#rfc.section.9.7">9.7</a>&nbsp;<a href="#fingerprinting">Browser Fingerprinting</a></h2>
     4230            <p id="rfc.section.9.7.p.1">Browser fingerprinting is a set of techniques for identifying a specific user agent over time through its unique set of characteristics.
    42074231               These characteristics might include information related to its TCP behavior, feature capabilities, and scripting environment,
    42084232               though of particular interest here is the set of unique characteristics that might be communicated via HTTP. Fingerprinting
    … …  
    42114235               Web browsers) have taken steps to reduce their fingerprints.
    42124236            </p>
    4213             <p id="rfc.section.9.6.p.2">There are a number of request header fields that might reveal information to servers that is sufficiently unique to enable
     4237            <p id="rfc.section.9.7.p.2">There are a number of request header fields that might reveal information to servers that is sufficiently unique to enable
    42144238               fingerprinting. The <a href="#header.from" class="smpl">From</a> header field is the most obvious, though it is expected that From will only be sent when self-identification is desired by
    42154239               the user. Likewise, Cookie header fields are deliberately designed to enable re-identification, so fingerprinting concerns
    42164240               only apply to situations where cookies are disabled or restricted by the user agent's configuration.
    42174241            </p>
    4218             <p id="rfc.section.9.6.p.3">The <a href="#header.user-agent" class="smpl">User-Agent</a> header field might contain enough information to uniquely identify a specific device, usually when combined with other characteristics,
     4242            <p id="rfc.section.9.7.p.3">The <a href="#header.user-agent" class="smpl">User-Agent</a> header field might contain enough information to uniquely identify a specific device, usually when combined with other characteristics,
    42194243               particularly if the user agent sends excessive details about the user's system or extensions. However, the source of unique
    42204244               information that is least expected by users is <a href="#proactive.negotiation" class="smpl">proactive negotiation</a> (<a href="#request.conneg" title="Content Negotiation">Section&nbsp;5.3</a>), including the <a href="#header.accept" class="smpl">Accept</a>, <a href="#header.accept-charset" class="smpl">Accept-Charset</a>, <a href="#header.accept-encoding" class="smpl">Accept-Encoding</a>, and <a href="#header.accept-language" class="smpl">Accept-Language</a> header fields.
    42214245            </p>
    4222             <p id="rfc.section.9.6.p.4">In addition to the fingerprinting concern, detailed use of the <a href="#header.accept-language" class="smpl">Accept-Language</a> header field can reveal information the user might consider to be of a private nature, because the understanding of particular
     4246            <p id="rfc.section.9.7.p.4">In addition to the fingerprinting concern, detailed use of the <a href="#header.accept-language" class="smpl">Accept-Language</a> header field can reveal information the user might consider to be of a private nature, because the understanding of particular
    42234247               languages is often strongly correlated to membership in a particular ethnic group. An approach that limits such loss of privacy
    42244248               would be for a user agent to omit the sending of Accept-Language except for sites that have been whitelisted, perhaps via
    42254249               interaction after detecting a <a href="#header.vary" class="smpl">Vary</a> header field that would indicate language negotiation might be useful.
    42264250            </p>
    4227             <p id="rfc.section.9.6.p.5">In environments where proxies are used to enhance privacy, user agents ought to be conservative in sending proactive negotiation
     4251            <p id="rfc.section.9.7.p.5">In environments where proxies are used to enhance privacy, user agents ought to be conservative in sending proactive negotiation
    42284252               header fields. General-purpose user agents that provide a high degree of header field configurability ought to inform users
    42294253               about the loss of privacy that might result if too much detail is provided. As an extreme privacy measure, proxies could filter
    … …  
    43244348            <td class="reference"><b id="BCP90">[BCP90]</b></td>
    43254349            <td class="top"><a href="mailto:GK-IETF@ninebynine.org" title="Nine by Nine">Klyne, G.</a>, <a href="mailto:mnot@pobox.com" title="BEA Systems">Nottingham, M.</a>, and <a href="mailto:JeffMogul@acm.org" title="HP Labs">J. Mogul</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3864">Registration Procedures for Message Header Fields</a>”, BCP&nbsp;90, RFC&nbsp;3864, September&nbsp;2004.
     4350            </td>
     4351         </tr>
     4352         <tr>
     4353            <td class="reference"><b id="OWASP">[OWASP]</b></td>
     4354            <td class="top">“<a href="https://www.owasp.org/">A Guide to Building Secure Web Applications and Web Services</a>”, The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP)&nbsp;2.0.1, July&nbsp;2005, &lt;<a href="https://www.owasp.org/">https://www.owasp.org/</a>&gt;.
    43264355            </td>
    43274356         </tr>
    … …  
    49484977            </li>
    49494978            <li><a id="rfc.index.L" href="#rfc.index.L"><b>L</b></a><ul>
    4950                   <li>Location header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.1">4.3.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.2">6.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.3">7.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.l.1"><b>7.1.2</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.4">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.5">9.5</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.6">B</a></li>
     4979                  <li>Location header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.1">4.3.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.2">6.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.3">7.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.l.1"><b>7.1.2</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.4">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.5">9.6</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.location.6">B</a></li>
    49514980               </ul>
    49524981            </li>
    … …  
    49584987            <li><a id="rfc.index.O" href="#rfc.index.O"><b>O</b></a><ul>
    49594988                  <li>OPTIONS method&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.OPTIONS.1">4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.o.1"><b>4.3.7</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.OPTIONS.2">5.1.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.OPTIONS.3">8.1.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.extref.o.11">B</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.OPTIONS.4">B</a>, <a href="#rfc.extref.o.12">B</a></li>
     4989                  <li><em>OWASP</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.OWASP.1">9</a>, <a href="#OWASP"><b>11.2</b></a></li>
    49604990               </ul>
    49614991            </li>
    49624992            <li><a id="rfc.index.P" href="#rfc.index.P"><b>P</b></a><ul>
    4963                   <li><em>Part1</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.1">1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.2">1.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.3">1.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.4">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.5">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.6">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.7">3.1.2.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.8">3.1.2.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.9">3.1.2.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.10">3.1.2.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.11">3.1.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.12">3.1.4.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.13">3.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.14">3.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.15">4.3.6</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.16">4.3.7</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.17">4.3.8</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.18">4.3.8</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.19">5.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.20">5.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.21">5.1.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.22">5.5.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.23">6.2.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.24">6.3.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.25">6.5.7</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.26">6.5.10</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.27">6.5.12</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.28">6.5.15</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.29">6.6.6</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.30">7.4.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.31">8.1.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.32">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.33">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.34">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.35">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.36">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.37">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.38">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.39">8.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.40">8.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.41">8.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.42">9</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.43">9.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.44">10</a>, <a href="#Part1"><b>11.1</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.45">B</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.46">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.47">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.48">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.49">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.50">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.51">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.52">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.53">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.54">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.55">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.56">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.57">D</a><ul>
     4993                  <li><em>Part1</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.1">1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.2">1.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.3">1.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.4">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.5">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.6">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.7">3.1.2.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.8">3.1.2.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.9">3.1.2.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.10">3.1.2.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.11">3.1.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.12">3.1.4.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.13">3.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.14">3.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.15">4.3.6</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.16">4.3.7</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.17">4.3.8</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.18">4.3.8</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.19">5.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.20">5.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.21">5.1.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.22">5.5.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.23">6.2.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.24">6.3.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.25">6.5.7</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.26">6.5.10</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.27">6.5.12</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.28">6.5.15</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.29">6.6.6</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.30">7.4.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.31">8.1.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.32">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.33">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.34">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.35">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.36">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.37">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.38">8.3.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.39">8.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.40">8.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.41">8.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.42">9</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.43">9.5</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.44">10</a>, <a href="#Part1"><b>11.1</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.45">B</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.46">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.47">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.48">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.49">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.50">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.51">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.52">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.53">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.54">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.55">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.56">C</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.57">D</a><ul>
    49644994                        <li><em>Section 1.2</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.57">D</a></li>
    49654995                        <li><em>Section 2.5</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.2">1.1</a></li>
    … …  
    49835013                        <li><em>Section 5.4</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.19">5.1</a></li>
    49845014                        <li><em>Section 5.5</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.6">2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.11">3.1.4.1</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.12">3.1.4.2</a></li>
    4985                         <li><em>Section 5.7.1</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.18">4.3.8</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.43">9.4</a></li>
     5015                        <li><em>Section 5.7.1</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.18">4.3.8</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.43">9.5</a></li>
    49865016                        <li><em>Section 5.7.2</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.24">6.3.4</a></li>
    49875017                        <li><em>Section 6.1</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.25">6.5.7</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.Part1.37">8.3.1</a></li>
    … …  
    50475077            </li>
    50485078            <li><a id="rfc.index.R" href="#rfc.index.R"><b>R</b></a><ul>
    5049                   <li>Referer header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.1">5.5</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.r.2"><b>5.5.2</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.2">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.3">9.3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.4">B</a></li>
     5079                  <li>Referer header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.1">5.5</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.r.2"><b>5.5.2</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.2">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.3">9.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.referer.4">B</a></li>
    50505080                  <li>representation&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.iref.r.1"><b>3</b></a></li>
    50515081                  <li><em>REST</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.REST.1">3</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.REST.2">4.1</a>, <a href="#REST"><b>11.2</b></a></li>
    … …  
    51295159                  <li>safe&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.iref.s.2"><b>4.2.1</b></a></li>
    51305160                  <li>selected representation&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.iref.s.1"><b>3</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.s.8">7.2</a></li>
    5131                   <li>Server header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.server.1">7.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.s.9"><b>7.4.2</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.server.2">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.server.3">9.4</a></li>
     5161                  <li>Server header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.server.1">7.4</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.s.9"><b>7.4.2</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.server.2">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.server.3">9.5</a></li>
    51325162                  <li>Status Codes Classes&nbsp;&nbsp;
    51335163                     <ul>
    … …  
    51475177            </li>
    51485178            <li><a id="rfc.index.U" href="#rfc.index.U"><b>U</b></a><ul>
    5149                   <li>User-Agent header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.1">5.5</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.u.1"><b>5.5.3</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.2">7.4.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.3">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.4">9.4</a></li>
     5179                  <li>User-Agent header field&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.1">5.5</a>, <a href="#rfc.iref.u.1"><b>5.5.3</b></a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.2">7.4.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.3">8.3.2</a>, <a href="#rfc.xref.header.user-agent.4">9.5</a></li>
    51505180               </ul>
    51515181            </li>

  • draft-ietf-httpbis/latest/p2-semantics.xml

    r2563 r2565  
    49214921</t>
    49224922<t>
    4923    The list of considerations below is not exhaustive &mdash; security
    4924    analysis in an ongoing activity. Various organizations, such as the
    4925    "Open Web Application Security Project" (OWASP,
    4926    <eref target="https://www.owasp.org/"/>), provide information about current
    4927    research.
     4923   The list of considerations below is not exhaustive. Most security concerns
     4924   related to HTTP semantics are about securing server-side applications (code
     4925   behind the HTTP interface), securing user agent processing of payloads
     4926   received via HTTP, or secure use of the Internet in general, rather than
     4927   security of the protocol. Various organizations maintain topical
     4928   information and links to current research on Web application security
     4929   (e.g., <xref target="OWASP"/>).
    49284930</t>
    49294931
    … …  
    49544956</section>
    49554957
     4958<section title="Attacks Based On Command, Code, or Query Injection" anchor="attack.injection">
     4959<t>
     4960   Origin servers often use parameters within an effective request URI as a
     4961   means of identifying system services, selecting database entries, or
     4962   choosing a data source. However, data received in a request cannot be
     4963   trusted. An attacker could construct any of the request data elements
     4964   (method, request-target, header fields, or body) to contain data that might
     4965   be misinterpreted as a command, code, or query when passed through a
     4966   command invocation, language interpreter, or database interface.
     4967</t>
     4968<t>
     4969   For example, SQL injection is a common attack wherein additional query
     4970   language is inserted within a part of the URI. If that same part is
     4971   directly used by the resource implementation within a SELECT statement, the
     4972   query language will be interpreted as a database command instead of a
     4973   simple string value. This type of implementation vulnerability is extremely
     4974   common, in spite of being easy to prevent.
     4975</t>
     4976<t>
     4977   In general, resource implementations ought to avoid use of request data
     4978   in contexts that are processed or interpreted as instructions.  Parameters
     4979   ought to be compared to fixed strings and acted upon as a result of that
     4980   comparison, rather than passed through an interface that is not prepared
     4981   for untrusted data. Received data that isn't based on fixed parameters
     4982   ought to be carefully filtered or encoded to avoid being misinterpreted.
     4983</t>
     4984<t>
     4985   Similar considerations apply to request data when it is stored and later
     4986   processed, such as within log files, monitoring tools, or when included
     4987   within a data format that allows embedded scripts.
     4988</t>
     4989</section>
     4990
    49564991<section title="Personal Information" anchor="personal.information">
    49574992<t>
    … …  
    49614996   keys, etc.) and information about the user's browsing activity over
    49624997   time (e.g., history, bookmarks, etc.). Implementations need to
    4963    prevent unintentional leakage of personal information.
     4998   prevent unintentional disclosure of personal information.
    49644999</t>
    49655000</section>
    … …  
    57615796</reference>
    57625797
     5798<reference anchor="OWASP" target="https://www.owasp.org/">
     5799        <front>
     5800    <title abbrev="OWASP">A Guide to Building Secure Web Applications and Web Services</title>
     5801    <author fullname="Mark Curphey, et al."/>
     5802    <date month="July" day="27" year="2005"/>
     5803  </front>
     5804  <seriesInfo name="The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP)" value="2.0.1"/>
     5805</reference>
    57635806</references>
    57645807
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