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Timestamp:
22/02/08 19:16:51 (12 years ago)
Author:
paul.hoffman@…
Message:

Checked in 01 of security, also modded the Makefile for my setup.

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1 edited

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  • draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties/latest/draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties.html

    r213 r216  
    297297  }
    298298  @top-right {
    299        content: "January 2008";
     299       content: " 2008";
    300300  }
    301301  @top-center {
    … …  
    337337      <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Hoffman, P.">
    338338      <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Melnikov, A.">
    339       <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="urn:ietf:id:draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-latest">
    340       <meta name="DC.Date.Issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2008-01">
     339      <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="urn:ietf:id:draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-01.txt">
     340      <meta name="DC.Date.Issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2008-WRONG SYNTAX FOR MONTH">
    341341      <meta name="DC.Description.Abstract" content="Recent IESG practice dictates that IETF protocols must specify mandatory-to-implement security mechanisms, so that all conformant implementations share a common baseline. This document examines all widely deployed HTTP security technologies, and analyzes the trade-offs of each.">
    342342   </head>
    … …  
    353353         <tr>
    354354            <td class="header left">
    355                &lt;draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-latest&gt;
     355               &lt;draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-01.txt&gt;
    356356               
    357357            </td>
    … …  
    363363         </tr>
    364364         <tr>
    365             <td class="header left">Expires: July 2008</td>
    366             <td class="header right">January 2008</td>
     365            <td class="header left">Expires: WRONG SYNTAX FOR MONTH</td>
     366            <td class="header right"> 2008</td>
    367367         </tr>
    368368      </table>
    369       <p class="title">Security Requirements for HTTP<br><span class="filename">draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-latest</span></p>
     369      <p class="title">Security Requirements for HTTP<br><span class="filename">draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-01.txt</span><div class="error">WARNING: The @docName attribute should contain the base name, not the filename (thus no file extension).</div>
     370      </p>
    370371      <h1><a id="rfc.status" href="#rfc.status">Status of this Memo</a></h1>
    371372      <p>By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she
    … …  
    384385      <p>The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at &lt;<a href="http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html">http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html</a>&gt;.
    385386      </p>
    386       <p>This Internet-Draft will expire in July 2008.</p>
     387      <p>This Internet-Draft will expire in WRONG SYNTAX FOR MONTH.</p>
    387388      <h1><a id="rfc.copyrightnotice" href="#rfc.copyrightnotice">Copyright Notice</a></h1>
    388389      <p>Copyright © The IETF Trust (2008). All Rights Reserved.</p>
    … …  
    396397      </h1>
    397398      <p id="rfc.section.1.p.1">Recent IESG practice dictates that IETF protocols are required to specify mandatory to implement security mechanisms. "The
    398          IETF Standards Process" <a href="#RFC2026"><cite title="The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3">[RFC2026]</cite></a> does not require that protocols specify mandatory security mechanisms. "Strong Security Requirements for IETF Standard Protocols" <a href="#RFC3365"><cite title="Strong Security Requirements for Internet Engineering Task Force Standard Protocols">[RFC3365]</cite></a> requires that all IETF protocols provide a mechanism for implementors to provide strong security. RFC 3365 does not define
     399         IETF Standards Process" <a href="#RFC2026"><cite title="The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3">[RFC2026]</cite></a> does not require that protocols specify mandatory security mechanisms. "Strong Security Requirements for IETF Standard Protocols" <a href="#RFC3365"><cite title="Strong Security Requirements for Internet Engineering Task Force Standard Protocols">[RFC3365]</cite></a> requires that all IETF protocols provide a mechanism for implementers to provide strong security. RFC 3365 does not define
    399400         the term "strong security".
    400401      </p>
    … …  
    402403      </p>
    403404      <div id="rfc.figure.u.1"></div><pre>
    404    We have evolved in the IETF the notion of "mandatory to implement"
    405    mechanisms.  This philosophy evolves from our primary desire to
    406    ensure interoperability between different implementations of a
    407    protocol.  If a protocol offers many options for how to perform a
    408    particular task, but fails to provide for at least one that all
    409    must implement, it may be possible that multiple, non-interoperable
    410    implementations may result.  This is the consequence of the
    411    selection of non-overlapping mechanisms being deployed in the
    412    different implementations.
     405  We have evolved in the IETF the notion of "mandatory to implement"
     406  mechanisms.  This philosophy evolves from our primary desire to
     407  ensure interoperability between different implementations of a
     408  protocol.  If a protocol offers many options for how to perform a
     409  particular task, but fails to provide for at least one that all
     410  must implement, it may be possible that multiple, non-interoperable
     411  implementations may result.  This is the consequence of the
     412  selection of non-overlapping mechanisms being deployed in the
     413  different implementations.
    413414</pre><p id="rfc.section.1.p.4">This document examines the effects of applying security constraints to Web applications, documents the properties that result
    414415         from each method, and will make Best Current Practice recommendations for HTTP security in a later document version. At the
    … …  
    419420      </h1>
    420421      <p id="rfc.section.2.p.1">For HTTP, the IETF generally defines "security mechanisms" as some combination of access authentication and/or a secure transport.</p>
     422      <p id="rfc.section.2.p.2">[[ There is a suggestion that this section be split into "browser-like" and "automation-like" subsections. ]]</p>
     423      <p id="rfc.section.2.p.3">[[ NTLM (shudder) was brought up in the WG a few times in the discussion of the -00 draft. Should we add a section on it?
     424         ]]
     425      </p>
    421426      <h2 id="rfc.section.2.1"><a href="#rfc.section.2.1">2.1</a>&nbsp;Forms And Cookies
    422427      </h2>
    423       <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.1">Almost all HTTP authentication is accomplished through HTML forms, with session keys stored in cookies. For cookies, most
    424          implementations rely on the "Netscape specification", which is described loosely in section 10 of "HTTP State Management Mechanism" <a href="#RFC2109"><cite title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[RFC2109]</cite></a>. The protocol in RFC 2109 is relatively widely implemented, but most clients don't advertise support for it. RFC 2109 was
     428      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.1">Almost all HTTP authentication that involves a human using a web browser is accomplished through HTML forms, with session
     429         identifiers stored in cookies. For cookies, most implementations rely on the "Netscape specification", which is described
     430         loosely in section 10 of "HTTP State Management Mechanism" <a href="#RFC2109"><cite title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[RFC2109]</cite></a>. The protocol in RFC 2109 is relatively widely implemented, but most clients don't advertise support for it. RFC 2109 was
    425431         later updated <a href="#RFC2965"><cite title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[RFC2965]</cite></a>, but the newer version is not widely implemented.
    426432      </p>
    427       <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.2">Forms and cookies have number of properties that make them an excellent solution for some implementors. However, many of those
     433      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.2">Forms and cookies have many properties that make them an excellent solution for some implementers. However, many of those
    428434         properties introduce serious security trade-offs.
    429435      </p>
    430436      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.3">HTML forms provide a large degree of control over presentation, which is an imperative for many websites. However, this increases
    431          user reliance on the appearance of the interface. Many users do not understand the construction of URIs <a href="#RFC3986"><cite title="Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax">[RFC3986]</cite></a>, or their presentation in common clients [[ CITATION NEEDED ]]. As a result, forms are extremely vulnerable to spoofing.
     437         user reliance on the appearance of the interface. Many users do not understand the construction of URIs <a href="#RFC3986"><cite title="Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax">[RFC3986]</cite></a>, or their presentation in common clients <a href="#PhishingHOWTO"><cite title="Phishing Tips and Techniques">[PhishingHOWTO]</cite></a>. As a result, forms are extremely vulnerable to spoofing.
    432438      </p>
    433439      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.4">HTML forms provide acceptable internationalization if used carefully, at the cost of being transmitted as normal HTTP content
    … …  
    437443         autocomplete ]]
    438444      </p>
    439       <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.6">The cookies that result from a successful form submission make it unessecary to validate credentials with each HTTP request;
     445      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.6">The cookies that result from a successful form submission make it unnecessary to validate credentials with each HTTP request;
    440446         this makes cookies an excellent property for scalability. Cookies are susceptible to a large variety of XSS (cross-site scripting)
    441447         attacks, and measures to prevent such attacks will never be as stringent as necessary for authentication credentials because
    … …  
    445451      </p>
    446452      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.7">HTML forms and cookies provide flexible ways of ending a session from the client.</p>
    447       <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.8">HTML forms require an HTML rendering engine, which many protocols have no use for.</p>
     453      <p id="rfc.section.2.1.p.8">HTML forms require an HTML rendering engine for which many protocols have no use.</p>
    448454      <h2 id="rfc.section.2.2"><a href="#rfc.section.2.2">2.2</a>&nbsp;HTTP Access Authentication
    449455      </h2>
    450       <p id="rfc.section.2.2.p.1">HTTP 1.1 provides a simple authentication framework, and "HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication" <a href="#RFC2617"><cite title="HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication">[RFC2617]</cite></a> defines two optional mechanisms. Both of these mechanisms are extremely rarely used in comparison to forms and cookies, but
    451          some degree of support for one or both is available in many implementations. Neither scheme provides presentation control,
     456      <p id="rfc.section.2.2.p.1">HTTP 1.1 provides a simple authentication framework, "HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication" <a href="#RFC2617"><cite title="HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication">[RFC2617]</cite></a>, which defines two optional mechanisms. Both of these mechanisms are extremely rarely used in comparison to forms and cookies,
     457         but some degree of support for one or both is available in many implementations. Neither scheme provides presentation control,
    452458         logout capabilities, or interoperable internationalization.
    453459      </p>
    … …  
    475481      </p>
    476482      <p id="rfc.section.2.2.2.p.3">Digest includes many modes of operation, but only the simplest modes enjoy any degree of interoperability. For example, most
    477          implementations do not implement the mode that provides full message integrity. Additionally, implementation experience has
    478          shown that the message integrity mode is impractical because it requires servers to analyze the full request before determining
    479          whether the client knows the shared secret.
     483         implementations do not implement the mode that provides full message integrity. Perhaps one reason is that implementation
     484         experience has shown that in some cases, especially those involving large requests or responses such as streams, the message
     485         integrity mode is impractical because it requires servers to analyze the full request before determining whether the client
     486         knows the shared secret or whether message-body integrity has been violated and hence whether the request can be processed.
    480487      </p>
    481488      <p id="rfc.section.2.2.2.p.4">Digest is extremely susceptible to offline dictionary attacks, making it practical for attackers to perform a namespace walk
    … …  
    484491      <p id="rfc.section.2.2.2.p.5">Many of the most widely-deployed HTTP/1.1 clients are not compliant when GET requests include a query string <a href="#Apache_Digest"><cite title="Apache HTTP Server - mod_auth_digest">[Apache_Digest]</cite></a>.
    485492      </p>
    486       <p id="rfc.section.2.2.2.p.6">Digest either requires that authentication databases be expressly designed to accomodate it, or requires access to cleartext
     493      <p id="rfc.section.2.2.2.p.6">Digest either requires that authentication databases be expressly designed to accommodate it, or requires access to cleartext
    487494         passwords. As a result, many authentication databases that chose to do the former are incompatible, including the most common
    488495         method of storing passwords for use with Forms and Cookies.
    … …  
    497504      <h4 id="rfc.section.2.2.3.1"><a href="#rfc.section.2.2.3.1">2.2.3.1</a>&nbsp;Negotiate (GSS-API) Authentication
    498505      </h4>
    499       <p id="rfc.section.2.2.3.1.p.1">[[ A discussion about "SPNEGO-based Kerberos and NTLM HTTP Authentication in Microsoft Windows" <a href="#RFC4559"><cite title="SPNEGO-based Kerberos and NTLM HTTP Authentication in Microsoft Windows">[RFC4559]</cite></a> goes here.]]
     506      <p id="rfc.section.2.2.3.1.p.1">[[ A discussion about "SPNEGO-based Kerberos and NTLM HTTP Authentication in Microsoft Windows" <a href="#RFC4559"><cite title="SPNEGO-based Kerberos and NTLM HTTP Authentication in Microsoft Windows">[RFC4559]</cite></a> goes here. ]]
    500507      </p>
    501508      <h2 id="rfc.section.2.3"><a href="#rfc.section.2.3">2.3</a>&nbsp;Centrally-Issued Tickets
    … …  
    514521         TCP. Like the amalgam of HTTP technologies mentioned above, the XML-based protocols are defined by an ever-changing combination
    515522         of standard and vendor-produced specifications, some of which may be obsoleted at any time <a href="#WS-Pagecount"><cite title="WS-Pagecount">[WS-Pagecount]</cite></a> without any documented change control procedures. These protocols usually don't have much in common with the Architecture
    516          of the World Wide Web. It's not clear why term "Web" is used to group them, but they are obviously out of scope for HTTP-based
     523         of the World Wide Web. It's not clear why the term "Web" is used to group them, but they are obviously out of scope for HTTP-based
    517524         application protocols.
    518525      </p>
     526      <p id="rfc.section.2.4.p.2">[[ This section could really use a good definition of "Web Services" to differentiate it from REST. ]]</p>
    519527      <h2 id="rfc.section.2.5"><a href="#rfc.section.2.5">2.5</a>&nbsp;Transport Layer Security
    520528      </h2>
    … …  
    593601         </tr> 
    594602         <tr>
     603            <td class="reference"><b id="PhishingHOWTO">[PhishingHOWTO]</b></td>
     604            <td class="top">Gutmann, P., “<a href="http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/pubs/phishing.pdf">Phishing Tips and Techniques</a>”, February&nbsp;2008, &lt;<a href="http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/pubs/phishing.pdf">http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/pubs/phishing.pdf</a>&gt;.
     605            </td>
     606         </tr> 
     607         <tr>
    595608            <td class="reference"><b id="WS-Pagecount">[WS-Pagecount]</b></td>
    596609            <td class="top">Bray, T., “<a href="http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2004/09/21/WS-Research">WS-Pagecount</a>”, September&nbsp;2004, &lt;<a href="http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2004/09/21/WS-Research">http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2004/09/21/WS-Research</a>&gt;.
    … …  
    605618      <h1 id="rfc.section.A" class="np"><a href="#rfc.section.A">A.</a>&nbsp;Acknowledgements
    606619      </h1>
    607       <p id="rfc.section.A.p.1">Much of the material in this document was written by Rob Sayre, who first promoted the topic.</p>
     620      <p id="rfc.section.A.p.1">Much of the material in this document was written by Rob Sayre, who first promoted the topic. Many others on the HTTPbis Working
     621         Group have contributed to this document in the discussion.
     622      </p>
    608623      <hr class="noprint">
    609624      <h1 id="rfc.section.B" class="np"><a href="#rfc.section.B">B.</a>&nbsp;Document History
    610625      </h1>
    611626      <p id="rfc.section.B.p.1">[This entire section is to be removed when published as an RFC.]</p>
    612       <h2 id="rfc.section.B.1"><a href="#rfc.section.B.1">B.1</a>&nbsp;Changes between draft-sayre-http-security-variance-00 and   draft-ietf-http-security-properties-00
     627      <h2 id="rfc.section.B.1"><a href="#rfc.section.B.1">B.1</a>&nbsp;Changes between draft-sayre-http-security-variance-00 and   draft-ietf-httpbis-security-properties-00
    613628      </h2>
    614629      <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.1">Changed the authors to Paul Hoffman and Alexey Melnikov, with permission of Rob Sayre.</p>
    615630      <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.2">Made lots of minor editorial changes.</p>
    616631      <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.3">Removed what was section 2 (Requirements Notation), the reference to RFC 2119, and any use of 2119ish all-caps words.</p>
    617       <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.4">In 3.2.1 and 3.2.2, changed "Latin-1 range" to "ISO 8859-1 repertoire" to match the defintion of "TEXT" in RFC 2616.</p>
     632      <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.4">In 3.2.1 and 3.2.2, changed "Latin-1 range" to "ISO 8859-1 repertoire" to match the definition of "TEXT" in RFC 2616.</p>
    618633      <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.5">Added minor text to the Security Considerations section.</p>
    619634      <p id="rfc.section.B.1.p.6">Added URLs to the two non-RFC references.</p>
     635      <h2 id="rfc.section.B.2"><a href="#rfc.section.B.2">B.2</a>&nbsp;Changes between -00 and -01
     636      </h2>
     637      <p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.1">Fixed some editorial nits reported by Iain Calder.</p>
     638      <p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.2">Added the suggestions about splitting for browsers and automation, and about adding NTLM, to be beginning of 2.</p>
     639      <p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.3">In 2.1, added "that involves a human using a web browser" in the first sentence.</p>
     640      <p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.4">In 2.1, changed "session key" to "session identifier".</p>
     641      <p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.5">In 2.2.2, changed </p>
     642      <div id="rfc.figure.u.2"></div><pre>
     643Digest includes many modes of operation, but only the simplest modes
     644enjoy any degree of interoperability.  For example, most
     645implementations do not implement the mode that provides full message
     646integrity.  Additionally, implementation experience has shown that
     647the message integrity mode is impractical because it requires servers
     648to analyze the full request before determining whether the client
     649knows the shared secret.
     650</pre><p> to </p>
     651      <div id="rfc.figure.u.3"></div><pre>
     652Digest includes many modes of operation, but only the simplest
     653modes enjoy any degree of interoperability.  For example, most
     654implementations do not implement the mode that provides full message
     655integrity.  Perhaps one reason is that implementation experience has
     656shown that in some cases, especially those involving large requests
     657or responses such as streams, the message integrity mode is
     658impractical because it requires servers to analyze the full request
     659before determining whether the client knows the shared secret or
     660whether message-body integrity has been violated and hence whether
     661the request can be processed.
     662</pre><p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.6">In 2.4, asked for a definition of "Web Services".</p>
     663      <p id="rfc.section.B.2.p.7">In A, added the WG.</p>
    620664      <h1><a id="rfc.copyright" href="#rfc.copyright">Full Copyright Statement</a></h1>
    621665      <p>Copyright © The IETF Trust (2008).</p>
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