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  • draft-ietf-httpbis/latest/p4-conditional.html

    r1802 r1803  
    628628      </ul>
    629629      <h1 id="rfc.section.1" class="np"><a href="#rfc.section.1">1.</a>&nbsp;<a id="introduction" href="#introduction">Introduction</a></h1>
    630       <p id="rfc.section.1.p.1">Conditional requests are HTTP requests <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation">[Part2]</cite></a> that include one or more header fields indicating a precondition to be tested before applying the method semantics to the
     630      <p id="rfc.section.1.p.1">Conditional requests are HTTP requests <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads">[Part2]</cite></a> that include one or more header fields indicating a precondition to be tested before applying the method semantics to the
    631631         target resource. Each precondition is based on metadata that is expected to change if the selected representation of the target
    632632         resource is changed. This document defines the HTTP/1.1 conditional request mechanisms in terms of the architecture, syntax
    633          notation, and conformance criteria defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>.
     633         notation, and conformance criteria defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>.
    634634      </p>
    635635      <p id="rfc.section.1.p.2">Conditional GET requests are the most efficient mechanism for HTTP cache updates <a href="#Part6" id="rfc.xref.Part6.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 6: Caching">[Part6]</cite></a>. Conditionals can also be applied to state-changing methods, such as PUT and DELETE, to prevent the "lost update" problem:
    … …  
    654654      <p id="rfc.section.1.1.p.2">This specification targets conformance criteria according to the role of a participant in HTTP communication. Hence, HTTP
    655655         requirements are placed on senders, recipients, clients, servers, user agents, intermediaries, origin servers, proxies, gateways,
    656          or caches, depending on what behavior is being constrained by the requirement. See <a href="p1-messaging.html#architecture" title="Architecture">Section 2</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.2"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a> for definitions of these terms.
     656         or caches, depending on what behavior is being constrained by the requirement. See <a href="p1-messaging.html#architecture" title="Architecture">Section 2</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.2"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a> for definitions of these terms.
    657657      </p>
    658658      <p id="rfc.section.1.1.p.3">The verb "generate" is used instead of "send" where a requirement differentiates between creating a protocol element and merely
    … …  
    672672      </p>
    673673      <h2 id="rfc.section.1.2"><a href="#rfc.section.1.2">1.2</a>&nbsp;<a id="notation" href="#notation">Syntax Notation</a></h2>
    674       <p id="rfc.section.1.2.p.1">This specification uses the Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) notation of <a href="#RFC5234" id="rfc.xref.RFC5234.1"><cite title="Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF">[RFC5234]</cite></a> with the list rule extension defined in <a href="p1-messaging.html#notation" title="Syntax Notation">Section 1.2</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.3"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>. <a href="#collected.abnf" title="Collected ABNF">Appendix&nbsp;B</a> shows the collected ABNF with the list rule expanded.
     674      <p id="rfc.section.1.2.p.1">This specification uses the Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) notation of <a href="#RFC5234" id="rfc.xref.RFC5234.1"><cite title="Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF">[RFC5234]</cite></a> with the list rule extension defined in <a href="p1-messaging.html#notation" title="Syntax Notation">Section 1.2</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.3"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>. <a href="#collected.abnf" title="Collected ABNF">Appendix&nbsp;B</a> shows the collected ABNF with the list rule expanded.
    675675      </p>
    676676      <p id="rfc.section.1.2.p.2">The following core rules are included by reference, as defined in <a href="#RFC5234" id="rfc.xref.RFC5234.2"><cite title="Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF">[RFC5234]</cite></a>, <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234#appendix-B.1">Appendix B.1</a>: ALPHA (letters), CR (carriage return), CRLF (CR LF), CTL (controls), DIGIT (decimal 0-9), DQUOTE (double quote), HEXDIG
    … …  
    678678         character).
    679679      </p>
    680       <p id="rfc.section.1.2.p.3">The ABNF rules below are defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.4"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a> and <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.2"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation">[Part2]</cite></a>:
    681       </p>
    682       <div id="rfc.figure.u.1"></div><pre class="inline">  <a href="#notation" class="smpl">OWS</a>           = &lt;OWS, defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.5"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>, <a href="p1-messaging.html#whitespace" title="Whitespace">Section 3.2.1</a>&gt;
    683   <a href="#notation" class="smpl">obs-text</a>      = &lt;obs-text, defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.6"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>, <a href="p1-messaging.html#field.components" title="Field value components">Section 3.2.4</a>&gt;
    684   <a href="#notation" class="smpl">HTTP-date</a>     = &lt;HTTP-date, defined in <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.3"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation">[Part2]</cite></a>, <a href="p2-semantics.html#http.date" title="Date/Time Formats">Section 5.1</a>&gt;
     680      <p id="rfc.section.1.2.p.3">The ABNF rules below are defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.4"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a> and <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.2"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads">[Part2]</cite></a>:
     681      </p>
     682      <div id="rfc.figure.u.1"></div><pre class="inline">  <a href="#notation" class="smpl">OWS</a>           = &lt;OWS, defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.5"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>, <a href="p1-messaging.html#whitespace" title="Whitespace">Section 3.2.1</a>&gt;
     683  <a href="#notation" class="smpl">obs-text</a>      = &lt;obs-text, defined in <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.6"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>, <a href="p1-messaging.html#field.components" title="Field value components">Section 3.2.4</a>&gt;
     684  <a href="#notation" class="smpl">HTTP-date</a>     = &lt;HTTP-date, defined in <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.3"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads">[Part2]</cite></a>, <a href="p2-semantics.html#http.date" title="Date/Time Formats">Section 5.1</a>&gt;
    685685</pre><div id="rfc.iref.m.1"></div>
    686686      <div id="rfc.iref.v.1"></div>
    … …  
    890890      </div>
    891891      <h3 id="rfc.section.2.3.3"><a href="#rfc.section.2.3.3">2.3.3</a>&nbsp;<a id="example.entity.tag.vs.conneg" href="#example.entity.tag.vs.conneg">Example: Entity-tags varying on Content-Negotiated Resources</a></h3>
    892       <p id="rfc.section.2.3.3.p.1">Consider a resource that is subject to content negotiation (<a href="p2-semantics.html#content.negotiation" title="Content Negotiation">Section 8</a> of <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.4"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation">[Part2]</cite></a>), and where the representations returned upon a GET request vary based on the <a href="p2-semantics.html#header.accept-encoding" class="smpl">Accept-Encoding</a> request header field (<a href="p2-semantics.html#header.accept-encoding" title="Accept-Encoding">Section 9.3</a> of <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.5"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation">[Part2]</cite></a>):
     892      <p id="rfc.section.2.3.3.p.1">Consider a resource that is subject to content negotiation (<a href="p2-semantics.html#content.negotiation" title="Content Negotiation">Section 8</a> of <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.4"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads">[Part2]</cite></a>), and where the representations returned upon a GET request vary based on the <a href="p2-semantics.html#header.accept-encoding" class="smpl">Accept-Encoding</a> request header field (<a href="p2-semantics.html#header.accept-encoding" title="Accept-Encoding">Section 9.3</a> of <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.5"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads">[Part2]</cite></a>):
    893893      </p>
    894894      <div id="rfc.figure.u.6"></div>
    … …  
    924924         <p> <b>Note:</b> Content codings are a property of the representation, so therefore an entity-tag of an encoded representation has to be distinct
    925925            from an unencoded representation to prevent conflicts during cache updates and range requests. In contrast, transfer codings
    926             (<a href="p1-messaging.html#transfer.codings" title="Transfer Codings">Section 4</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.7"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>) apply only during message transfer and do not require distinct entity-tags.
     926            (<a href="p1-messaging.html#transfer.codings" title="Transfer Codings">Section 4</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.7"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>) apply only during message transfer and do not require distinct entity-tags.
    927927         </p>
    928928      </div>
    … …  
    10581058      <p id="rfc.section.3.3.p.6">The purpose of this feature is to allow efficient updates of cached information with a minimum amount of transaction overhead. </p>
    10591059      <ul class="empty">
    1060          <li> <b>Note:</b> The <a href="p5-range.html#range.retrieval.requests" class="smpl">Range</a> header field modifies the meaning of If-Modified-Since; see <a href="p5-range.html#header.range" title="Range">Section 5.4</a> of <a href="#Part5" id="rfc.xref.Part5.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests and Partial Responses">[Part5]</cite></a> for full details.
     1060         <li> <b>Note:</b> The <a href="p5-range.html#range.retrieval.requests" class="smpl">Range</a> header field modifies the meaning of If-Modified-Since; see <a href="p5-range.html#header.range" title="Range">Section 5.4</a> of <a href="#Part5" id="rfc.xref.Part5.1"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests">[Part5]</cite></a> for full details.
    10611061         </li>
    10621062         <li> <b>Note:</b> If-Modified-Since times are interpreted by the server, whose clock might not be synchronized with the client.
    … …  
    10881088      </p>
    10891089      <h2 id="rfc.section.3.5"><a href="#rfc.section.3.5">3.5</a>&nbsp;<a id="header.if-range" href="#header.if-range">If-Range</a></h2>
    1090       <p id="rfc.section.3.5.p.1">The "If-Range" header field provides a special conditional request mechanism that is similar to <a href="#header.if-match" class="smpl">If-Match</a> and <a href="#header.if-unmodified-since" class="smpl">If-Unmodified-Since</a> but specific to HTTP range requests. If-Range is defined in <a href="p5-range.html#header.if-range" title="If-Range">Section 5.3</a> of <a href="#Part5" id="rfc.xref.Part5.2"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests and Partial Responses">[Part5]</cite></a>.
     1090      <p id="rfc.section.3.5.p.1">The "If-Range" header field provides a special conditional request mechanism that is similar to <a href="#header.if-match" class="smpl">If-Match</a> and <a href="#header.if-unmodified-since" class="smpl">If-Unmodified-Since</a> but specific to HTTP range requests. If-Range is defined in <a href="p5-range.html#header.if-range" title="If-Range">Section 5.3</a> of <a href="#Part5" id="rfc.xref.Part5.2"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests">[Part5]</cite></a>.
    10911091      </p>
    10921092      <h1 id="rfc.section.4"><a href="#rfc.section.4">4.</a>&nbsp;<a id="status.code.definitions" href="#status.code.definitions">Status Code Definitions</a></h1>
    … …  
    10991099         as if it were the payload of a 200 response. The 304 response <em class="bcp14">MUST NOT</em> contain a message-body, and thus is always terminated by the first empty line after the header fields.
    11001100      </p>
    1101       <p id="rfc.section.4.1.p.2">A 304 response <em class="bcp14">MUST</em> include a <a href="p2-semantics.html#header.date" class="smpl">Date</a> header field (<a href="p2-semantics.html#header.date" title="Date">Section 9.10</a> of <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.6"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation">[Part2]</cite></a>) unless the origin server does not have a clock that can provide a reasonable approximation of the current time. If a <a href="p2-semantics.html#status.200" class="smpl">200
     1101      <p id="rfc.section.4.1.p.2">A 304 response <em class="bcp14">MUST</em> include a <a href="p2-semantics.html#header.date" class="smpl">Date</a> header field (<a href="p2-semantics.html#header.date" title="Date">Section 9.10</a> of <a href="#Part2" id="rfc.xref.Part2.6"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads">[Part2]</cite></a>) unless the origin server does not have a clock that can provide a reasonable approximation of the current time. If a <a href="p2-semantics.html#status.200" class="smpl">200
    11021102            (OK)</a> response to the same request would have included any of the header fields <a href="p6-cache.html#header.cache-control" class="smpl">Cache-Control</a>, <a href="p2-semantics.html#header.content-location" class="smpl">Content-Location</a>, <a href="#header.etag" class="smpl">ETag</a>, <a href="p6-cache.html#header.expires" class="smpl">Expires</a>, or <a href="p6-cache.html#header.vary" class="smpl">Vary</a>, then those same header fields <em class="bcp14">MUST</em> be sent in a 304 response.
    11031103      </p>
    … …  
    12581258      <p id="rfc.section.6.2.p.2">The change controller is: "IETF (iesg@ietf.org) - Internet Engineering Task Force".</p>
    12591259      <h1 id="rfc.section.7"><a href="#rfc.section.7">7.</a>&nbsp;<a id="security.considerations" href="#security.considerations">Security Considerations</a></h1>
    1260       <p id="rfc.section.7.p.1">No additional security considerations have been identified beyond those applicable to HTTP in general <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.8"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>.
     1260      <p id="rfc.section.7.p.1">No additional security considerations have been identified beyond those applicable to HTTP in general <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.8"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>.
    12611261      </p>
    12621262      <p id="rfc.section.7.p.2">The validators defined by this specification are not intended to ensure the validity of a representation, guard against malicious
    … …  
    12661266      </p>
    12671267      <h1 id="rfc.section.8"><a href="#rfc.section.8">8.</a>&nbsp;<a id="acks" href="#acks">Acknowledgments</a></h1>
    1268       <p id="rfc.section.8.p.1">See <a href="p1-messaging.html#acks" title="Acknowledgments">Section 9</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.9"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing">[Part1]</cite></a>.
     1268      <p id="rfc.section.8.p.1">See <a href="p1-messaging.html#acks" title="Acknowledgments">Section 9</a> of <a href="#Part1" id="rfc.xref.Part1.9"><cite title="HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax&#34;">[Part1]</cite></a>.
    12691269      </p>
    12701270      <h1 id="rfc.references"><a id="rfc.section.9" href="#rfc.section.9">9.</a> References
    … …  
    12751275         <tr>
    12761276            <td class="reference"><b id="Part1">[Part1]</b></td>
    1277             <td class="top"><a href="mailto:fielding@gbiv.com" title="Adobe Systems Incorporated">Fielding, R., Ed.</a>, <a href="mailto:ylafon@w3.org" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Lafon, Y., Ed.</a>, and <a href="mailto:julian.reschke@greenbytes.de" title="greenbytes GmbH">J. Reschke, Ed.</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-latest">HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, and Message Parsing</a>”, Internet-Draft&nbsp;draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-latest (work in progress), July&nbsp;2012.
     1277            <td class="top"><a href="mailto:fielding@gbiv.com" title="Adobe Systems Incorporated">Fielding, R., Ed.</a>, <a href="mailto:ylafon@w3.org" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Lafon, Y., Ed.</a>, and <a href="mailto:julian.reschke@greenbytes.de" title="greenbytes GmbH">J. Reschke, Ed.</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-latest">HTTP/1.1, part 1: Message Routing and Syntax"</a>”, Internet-Draft&nbsp;draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-latest (work in progress), July&nbsp;2012.
    12781278            </td>
    12791279         </tr>
    12801280         <tr>
    12811281            <td class="reference"><b id="Part2">[Part2]</b></td>
    1282             <td class="top"><a href="mailto:fielding@gbiv.com" title="Adobe Systems Incorporated">Fielding, R., Ed.</a>, <a href="mailto:ylafon@w3.org" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Lafon, Y., Ed.</a>, and <a href="mailto:julian.reschke@greenbytes.de" title="greenbytes GmbH">J. Reschke, Ed.</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p2-semantics-latest">HTTP/1.1, part 2: Message Semantics, Payload and Content Negotiation</a>”, Internet-Draft&nbsp;draft-ietf-httpbis-p2-semantics-latest (work in progress), July&nbsp;2012.
     1282            <td class="top"><a href="mailto:fielding@gbiv.com" title="Adobe Systems Incorporated">Fielding, R., Ed.</a>, <a href="mailto:ylafon@w3.org" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Lafon, Y., Ed.</a>, and <a href="mailto:julian.reschke@greenbytes.de" title="greenbytes GmbH">J. Reschke, Ed.</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p2-semantics-latest">HTTP/1.1, part 2: Semantics and Payloads</a>”, Internet-Draft&nbsp;draft-ietf-httpbis-p2-semantics-latest (work in progress), July&nbsp;2012.
    12831283            </td>
    12841284         </tr>
    12851285         <tr>
    12861286            <td class="reference"><b id="Part5">[Part5]</b></td>
    1287             <td class="top"><a href="mailto:fielding@gbiv.com" title="Adobe Systems Incorporated">Fielding, R., Ed.</a>, <a href="mailto:ylafon@w3.org" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Lafon, Y., Ed.</a>, and <a href="mailto:julian.reschke@greenbytes.de" title="greenbytes GmbH">J. Reschke, Ed.</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-latest">HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests and Partial Responses</a>”, Internet-Draft&nbsp;draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-latest (work in progress), July&nbsp;2012.
     1287            <td class="top"><a href="mailto:fielding@gbiv.com" title="Adobe Systems Incorporated">Fielding, R., Ed.</a>, <a href="mailto:ylafon@w3.org" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Lafon, Y., Ed.</a>, and <a href="mailto:julian.reschke@greenbytes.de" title="greenbytes GmbH">J. Reschke, Ed.</a>, “<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-latest">HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests</a>”, Internet-Draft&nbsp;draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-latest (work in progress), July&nbsp;2012.
    12881288            </td>
    12891289         </tr>
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